I-flecculontantkuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "nge-panacea yezimboni", enezicelo ezahlukahlukene. Njengendlela yokuqinisa ukwehlukaniswa okuqinile okuwuketshezi emkhakheni wokwelashwa kwamanzi, kungasetshenziswa ukuqinisa ukuhanjiswa kwendle okuyisisekelo kwendle, ukwelashwa kwe-flotation kanye nokwelashwa kwesibili ngemuva kwendlela eyenziwe nge-slidege. Ingasetshenziselwa ukwelashwa okuphezulu noma ukwelashwa okuthuthukile kokukhucululwa kwendle. Ekwelashweni kwamanzi, kunezici ezithile ezithinta umphumela wokuhlangana (umthamo wamakhemikhali), kufaka phakathi izinga lamanzi, i-alkalinity, uhlobo lokungcola kwamanzi, izimo zangaphandle zamanzi, njll.
1. Ithonya lokushisa kwamanzi
Izinga lamanzi linomthelela omkhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezidakamizwa, kanye namanzi okushisa aphansi ebusika
Unomthelela omkhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezidakamizwa, okuvame ukuholela ekwakhekeni kancane kwama-flocs ngezinhlayiya ezinhle nezinhle. Izizathu eziphambili yilezi:
I-hydrolysis ye-inorganic kasawoti coagulants iyindlela yokuphendula e-endothermic, kanye ne-hydrolysis yama-coagulants amanzi aphansi okushisa anzima.
I-viscosity yamanzi okushisa aphansi inkulu, eyenza buthaka ukunyakaza kwe-brownorian kwezimpawu zokungcola ngaphakathi
Amanzi futhi anciphise ithuba lokushayisana, elingalungile ekusebenzeni nasekuhlanganiseni kwama-colloids futhi kuthinta ukukhula kwama-flocs.
Lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphansi, i-hydration yezinhlayiya ze-colloidal iyathuthukiswa, evimbela ukubumbana kwezinhlayiya ze-colloidal, futhi kuthinta namandla okunamathela phakathi kwezinhlayiya ezihlanganayo.
Ukushisa kwamanzi kuhlobene ne-PH yamanzi. Lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphansi, inani lamanzi liyanda, kanye nenani elihambisanayo le-PH le-PH yokuthola imali azokwanda. Ngakho-ke, ebusika ezifundeni ezibandayo, kunzima ukuthola umphumela omuhle wokuhlangana noma ngabe inani elikhulu le-coagulant lengezwa.
2. Ph ne-alkalinity
Inani le-PH liyinkomba yokuthi amanzi a-acidic noma i-alkali, okusho ukuthi, inkomba ye-H + ukugxila emanzini. Inani le-PH lamanzi aluhlaza lithinta ngqo ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis kwe-coagulant, okungukuthi, lapho inani le-PH lamanzi aluhlaza lingaphakathi kobubanzi obuthile, umphumela wokuhlangana ungaqinisekiswa.
Lapho i-coagulant inezelwa emanzini, ukugxila kwe-H + emanzini kuyanda ngenxa ye-hydrolysis ye-coulant, ebangela ukuba inani le-PH liyakwehla futhi livimbela i-hydrolysis. Ukuze ugcine i-PH ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele, amanzi kufanele abe nezinto ezanele ze-alkalia ukuze zisebenzise i-H +. Amanzi emvelo aqukethe isilinganiso esithile se-alkalinity (imvamisa i-HCO3-), engaphazamisa i-H + ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi se-hydrolysis ye-coulant, futhi inomphumela wokubukelwa eveni ye-PH. Lapho i-alkalinity yamanzi aluhlaza ayanele noma i-coabulant ingezwa kakhulu, inani lamanzi lizokwehla kakhulu, licekele phansi umphumela wokuhlangana.
3. Ithonya lemvelo kanye nokuqoqwa kokungcola kwamanzi
Ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana kanye ne-chargeability ye-SS emanzini kuzothinta umphumela wokuhlangana. Ngokuvamile, ububanzi obuncane buncane futhi bufana, futhi umphumela wokuhlangana umpofu; Inhlayinina yokugxilisa emanzini iphansi, futhi amathuba okushayisana kwezinhlayiyana incane, engalungile ngokubanjwa; Lapho i-turbidity inkulu, ukuze inciphisa i-colloid emanzini, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okudingekayo kuzokhula kakhulu. Lapho inani elikhulu le-organic likhona emanzini, lingaba ama-addesbed yizinhlayiya zobumba, ngaleyo ndlela liguqule izici zangaphandle zezinhlayiya zoqobo ze-colloidal, okwenza izinhlayiya ze-colloidal zizinze ngokwengeziwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-oxidant kumele ingezwe emanzini ukushabalalisa umphumela wezinto eziphilayo, yenza ngcono umphumela wokuhlangana.
Usawoti ocijile amanzi emanzini angathinta nomphumela wokuhlangana. Isibonelo, lapho inani elikhulu le-calcium ne-magnesium ion elikhona emanzini emvelo, liyasiza ekubambeni, ngenkathi inani elikhulu le-CL- lingavumi ukungqubuzana. Ngesikhathi sonyaka wezikhukhula, amanzi aphezulu okuqina aqukethe inani elikhulu le-humus angena esitshalweni ngenxa yokushaywa kwamanzi emvula, kanye ne-chlorination yangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nomthamo onobuhlanga ngokuvamile kusekelwe kulokhu.
4. Ithonya lezimo zangaphandle zamanzi
Izimo eziyisisekelo zokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlayiya ze-colloidal kuwukuhlehlisa izinhlayiya ze-colloidal, futhi zenze izinhlayiya ze-colloidal ezihlangene zihlangana. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-coagulant ukususa izinhlayiya ze-colloidal, kanye nokuqashwa kwangaphandle kwe-hydraulic ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlayiya ze-colloidal zingaxhumana ngokuphelele nabakhohlisi, ukuze izinhlayiya ze-colloidal zishayisana nomunye nomunye ukwakha ama-flocs.
Ukuze wenze izinhlayiya ze-colloidal zixhumane ngokugcwele ne-coabulant, i-coabulant kumele ihlaselwe ngokushesha futhi ihlakazeke kakhulu kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba wamanzi ngemuva kokuxubana kwamanzi, eyaziwa ngokuthi yimizuzwana eyi-10 kuye kwengama-30 futhi kungabi ngaphezu kwemizuzu engu-2 okungenani.
I-5. Ithonya lomthelela wethonya lamanzi
Ukushaqeka kwamanzi kubhekisele ekushashweni kwamanzi ngezikhathi ezithile noma okungekho ngezikhathi ezithile ngamanzi avundwayo, ashintsha ngokuzumayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi emadolobheni kanye nokulungiswa kwevolumu yamanzi aphezulu kuzothinta amanzi angena esitshalweni, ikakhulukazi esiteji samanzi esiphezulu ehlobo, esenza amanzi angenele isitshalo ashintshe kakhulu, okuholela ekushintsheni njalo kwemithamo yamakhemikhali. Nomphumela wamanzi ngemuva kokucwila akukuhle kakhulu. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi lolu shintsho alunyusi kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho, naka ukubheka i-alum ethangini lokuphendula, ukuze ungabhubhisi umphumela wokuhlangana ngenxa yomthamo ngokweqile.
6. I-flecculontantUkulondolozwa kwezindlela
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinto ezingenhla, kunezinyathelo ezisindisa izidakamizwa, njengokukhulisa inani lezikhathi zokuvuselela echibini eliwuketshezi, kunciphise imvula yezinhlayiya eziqinile zesidakamizwa, zisimeme isidakamizwa, futhi zisindise ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa.
Uma uPolyyamide ufuna ukonga izindleko ezisetshenziswayo, kuyadingeka ukukhetha imodeli efanelekile. Umgomo ukukhetha i-polycacide ngomphumela wokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu, okubizayo akusona okungcono kakhulu, futhi ungazami ukushibhile ukudala umphumela ompofu wamanzi, kepha wandise izindleko. Khetha i-ejenti engaphuli nje kuphela okuqukethwe umswakama we-sludge, kepha futhi yehlisa umthamo we-ejenti yeyunithi. Yenza izivivinyo ze-floccution kumasampula wezemithi, ukhethe izinhlobo ezimbili noma ezintathu zama-Phamisi anemiphumela emihle yokuhlola, bese wenza izivivinyo zomshini ngokulandelana ukuze zibone umphumela wokugcina odaka futhi zinqume izinhlobo zokugcina ezenza imithi.
I-PolyAcrylamide imvana iqinile. Idinga ukulungiswa kwisisombululo esinamanzi nge-solubility ethile. Ukuhlushwa kuvame phakathi kuka-0,1% no-0.3%. Kugxilwe kakhulu noma mncane kakhulu kuzothinta umuthi, chitha umuthi, ukhuphule izindleko, bese uqeda i-polymerization. Amanzi ento kufanele ahlanzeke (njengamanzi ompompi), hhayi indle. Amanzi okushisa asekamelweni anele, ngokuvamile akukho ukufudumala okudingekayo. Lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphansi kune-5 ° C, ukuhlukaniswa kuhamba kancane, futhi ijubane lokuchithwa liyashesha lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi likhuphuka. Kepha ngenhla kwe-40 ℃ kuzosheshisa ukonakaliswa kwe-polymer futhi kuthinte umphumela wokusetshenziswa. Ngokuvamile, amanzi ompompi alungele ukulungiselela izixazululo ze-polymer. I-acid enamandla, i-alkali eqinile, amanzi aphezulu kasawoti awalungele ukulungiselela.
Naka isikhathi sokulula lapho kulungiswa i-ejenti, ukuze umenzeli angancibilika ngokuphelele emanzini futhi angahlukaniswanga, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke adale kuphela imfucuza, kodwa futhi athinte umphumela wokukhiqizwa kodaka. Indwangu yokuhlunga nepayipi futhi kuthambekele ekuvinjelweni, okuholela ekungcoleni okuphindaphindiwe. Uma usukwe kwikhambi, isikhathi sokulondolozwa silinganiselwe. Ngokuvamile, lapho ukuwohloka kwesixazululo kungu-0,1%, isixazululo se-polymer esingewona angesona akwedlule isonto elilodwa, futhi isixazululo se-cotioner se-cotiomer akufanele sidlule ngolunye usuku.
Ngemuva kokulungiswa kwe-ejenti, ngesikhathi senqubo ye-dosing, naka ushintsho lwekhwalithi kadaka kanye nomphumela wodaka, futhi ulungise umthamo we-ejenti ngesikhathi ukuze uzuze isilinganiso esingcono.
Umuthi kufanele ugcinwe esitolo sokugcina esomile, futhi isikhwama semithi kufanele sivalwe. Kusetshenziswe, sebenzisa ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi uvale umuthi ongasetshenziswanga ukuze uvikele umswakama. Ekulungiseleleni amakhamishini, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukungalungisi ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi uketshezi olubekwe isikhathi eside seluphelelwe yi-hydrolyzed futhi alusakwazi ukusetshenziswa.
Imishini esetshenziswa kahle, abasebenzi bemali engenayo, kanye nezinsizakalo ezingcono zokuthengisa; Siphinda singumndeni omkhulu ohlanganisiwe, noma ngubani uhlale nenani lenhlangano "ubumbano, ukuzimisela, ukubekezelela" ama-Quots wePolycrylamideI-Flocculamide anionic cationic cationic ukwelashwa kwamanzi,, samukela ngemfudumalo ama-buddies avela kuzo zonke izindlela zokuhlala nsuku zonke ukuze azinze ngokubambisana futhi akha amakhazikhazi. "Polyelectlyte"
Ama-Quots we-China Chemical Chemical and Waste WAMEMER THERMERATION, ngamandla aqiniswe ngokwengeziwe kanye nesikweletu esithembekile, sesibe lapha ukuzokhonza amakhasimende ethu ngokuhlinzeka ngekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu nensizakalo, futhi siyabonga ngobuqotho ukwesekwa kwakho. Sizozama ukugcina idumela lethu elikhulu njengomhlinzeki weMthengisi Ohamba phambili emhlabeni. Uma unemibuzo noma imibono, kufaneleukuxhumana nathingokukhululeka.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-04-2022