Ukubuka konke Amanzi angcolile okwenza iphepha ikakhulukazi avela ezinqubweni ezimbili zokukhiqiza zokudonsa kanye nokwenza iphepha embonini yokwenza iphepha. I-Pulping iwukuhlukanisa imicu ezintweni ezingavuthiwe zezitshalo, wenze i-pulp, bese uyi-bleach. Le nqubo izokhiqiza inani elikhulu lamanzi angcolile okwenza iphepha; ukwenza iphepha ukucwenga, ukubumba, ukucindezela, nokomisa i-pulp ukwenza iphepha. Le nqubo ijwayele ukukhiqiza amanzi angcolile okwenza iphepha. Amanzi angcolile ayinhloko akhiqizwa inqubo yokudonsa utshwala obumnyama notshwala obubomvu, futhi ukwenza iphepha kukhiqiza amanzi amhlophe ikakhulukazi.
Izici eziyinhloko 1. Inani elikhulu lamanzi angcolile.2. Amanzi angcolile aqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziqinile ezimisiwe, ikakhulukazi uyinki, i-fiber, i-filler kanye nezithasiselo.3. I-SS, COD, BOD nokunye ukungcola emanzini angcolile kuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, okuqukethwe kwe-COD kuphakeme kune-BOD, futhi umbala umnyama.
Uhlelo lokwelapha kanye nesixazululo senkinga.1. Indlela yokwelapha Indlela yokwelapha yamanje ikakhulukazi isebenzisa i-anaerobic, i-aerobic, i-physical coagulation yamakhemikhali kanye ne-sedimentation process process combination mode.
Inqubo yokwelapha nokugeleza: Ngemva kokuba amanzi angcolile engene ohlelweni lokuhlanza amanzi angcolile, aqale adlule endaweni yokubeka udoti ukuze akhiphe imfucumfucu emikhulu, angene echibini legridi ukuze alingane, angene ku-coagulation tank, futhi akhiqize ukusabela kokuhlangana ngokungeza i-polyaluminium chloride ne-polyacrylamide. Ngemva kokungena ku-flotation, i-SS kanye nengxenye ye-BOD ne-COD emanzini angcolile kuyasuswa. Ukungcola okuntantayo kungena ekwelashweni kwamakhemikhali e-anaerobic ne-aerobic okuyizigaba ezimbili ukuze kukhishwe iningi le-BOD ne-COD emanzini. Ngemuva kwethangi lesibili le-sedimentation, i-COD kanye ne-chromaticity yamanzi angcolile akuhlangabezani namazinga kazwelonke wokukhipha. I-Chemical coagulation isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe ukuze amanzi angcolile akwazi ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokukhishwa noma ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokukhishwa.
Izinkinga Ezivamile Nezixazululo 1) I-COD idlula izinga. Ngemva kokuba amanzi angcolile elashwe nge-anaerobic kanye nokwelashwa kwe-biochemical biochemical, i-COD yamanzi angcolile ayihlangabezani nezindinganiso zokuphuma kwamanzi. Yengeze emanzini ngesilinganiso esithile futhi usabele imizuzu engama-30.
2) Kokubili i-chromaticity kanye ne-COD kweqa izinga Ngemva kokuba amanzi angcolile elashwe nge-anaerobic biochemical treatment, i-COD yamanzi angcolile ayihlangabezani nezindinganiso zokuphuma kwamanzi. Isixazululo: Engeza i-flocculation decolorizer esebenza kahle kakhulu, xuba ne-decolorizer esebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi ekugcineni usebenzise i-polyacrylamide ukuze i-flocculation kanye nemvula, ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile.
3) I-ammonia nitrogen eyeqile I-ammonia nitrogen engcolile ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamanje zokungcola. Isixazululo: Faka i-ammonia nitrogen remover, gudluza noma ukhiphe umoya bese uhlanganisa, bese usabele imizuzu eyi-6. Emshinini wokugaya iphepha, i-ammonia nitrogen engcolile icishe ibe ngu-40ppm, futhi izinga lokukhishwa kwe-ammonia nitrogen lasendaweni lingaphansi kuka-15ppm, elingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokungcola ezishiwo yimithetho yokuvikela imvelo.
Isiphetho Ukwenza iphepha lokuhlanza amanzi angcolile kufanele kugxile ekuthuthukiseni izinga lokugaywa kabusha kwamanzi, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kanye nokukhishwa kwamanzi angcolile, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuhlole ngenkuthalo izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ezinokwethenjelwa, ezongayo nezingasebenzisa ngokugcwele izinsiza eziwusizo emanzini angcolile. Isibonelo: indlela ye-flotation ingakwazi ukubuyisela okuqinile okune-fibrous emanzini amhlophe, ngezinga lokubuyisela elifika ku-95%, futhi amanzi acacisiwe angasetshenziswa kabusha; Indlela yokwelapha amanzi angcolile avuthayo ingabuyisa i-sodium hydroxide, i-sodium sulfide, i-sodium sulfate kanye nosawoti we-sodium ehlanganiswe ne-organic matter emanzini amnyama. Indlela yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile aphakathi nendawo ilungisa inani le-pH lamanzi angcolile; i-coagulation sedimentation noma i-flotation ingasusa izinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-SS emanzini angcolile; indlela yemvula yamakhemikhali ingashintsha umbala; Indlela yokwelapha yebhayoloji ingasusa i-BOD ne-COD, esebenza kangcono emanzini angcolile ephepha le-kraft. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona futhi i-osmosis eguquguqukayo, i-ultrafiltration, i-electrodialysis nezinye izindlela zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ezenziwe ngamaphepha ezisetshenziswa ekhaya naphesheya.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-17-2025