I-Polypropylene glycol (PPG)i-polymer engeyona i-ionic etholwe nge-polymerization yokuvula indandatho ye-propylene oxide. Inezinto ezibalulekile njengokunyibilika kwamanzi okulungisekayo, ububanzi be-viscosity, ukuqina kwamakhemikhali okuqinile, nobuthi obuphansi. Isebenza ezimbonini eziningi, okuhlanganisa amakhemikhali, ezemithi, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, ukudla, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezimboni. Ama-PPG ezisindo zamangqamuzana ahlukene (imvamisa asukela ku-200 kuye kwangaphezu kuka-10,000) abonisa umehluko obalulekile wokusebenza. Ama-PPG anesisindo esiphansi (njenge-PPG-200 kanye ne-400) ancibilika kakhulu emanzini futhi avame ukusetshenziswa njengezincibilikisi namapulasitiki. Ama-PPG esisindo esimaphakathi nesiphezulu (afana ne-PPG-1000 kanye no-2000) ancibilika kakhulu kuwoyela noma aqine kancane futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu emulsification nasekuhlanganiseni kwe-elastomer. Okulandelayo ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kwezindawo zayo eziyinhloko zokufaka isicelo:
1. Imboni yePolyurethane (PU): Enye yezinto Ezisetshenziswa Kakhulu
I-PPG iwukhiye we-polyol impahla eluhlaza yokukhiqiza izinto ze-polyurethane. Ngokusabela ngama-isocyanate (afana ne-MDI ne-TDI) futhi ahlanganiswe namaketango anwebekayo, angakhiqiza izinhlobo ezihlukene zemikhiqizo ye-PU, ehlanganisa uhla olugcwele lwezigaba zegwebu ezithambile kuya kweziqinile:
Ama-polyurethane elastomers: I-PPG-1000-4000 ijwayele ukusetshenziswa ekulungiseni i-thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) kanye ne-cast polyurethane elastomers (CPU). Lawa ma-elastomer asetshenziswa ezitheni zezicathulo (njengama-midsoles okugoba izicathulo ze-athletic), izigxivizo zemishini, amabhande okuthutha, nama-catheter ezokwelapha (anokuhambisana okuhle kakhulu kwe-biocompatibility). Banikeza ukumelana ne-abrasion, ukumelana nokukhala, kanye nokuguquguquka.
Izinamatheliso ze-polyurethane/izinamatheliso: I-PPG ithuthukisa ukuguquguquka, ukumelana namanzi, nokunamathela kwamapende futhi isetshenziswa opende bezimoto ze-OEM, opende bokungagqwali bezimboni, kanye nezingubo zokhuni. Kuzinto zokunamathisela, ithuthukisa amandla ebhondi kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu, ikwenze ifanele ukubopha izinsimbi, amapulasitiki, isikhumba, nezinye izinto.
2. Amakhemikhali Ansuku Zonke Nokunakekelwa Komuntu Siqu: Izithasiselo Ezisebenzayo
I-PPG, ngenxa yobumnene bayo, izakhiwo ezifaka emulsifying, kanye nezindawo zokuswakama, isetshenziswa kakhulu ekunakekeleni isikhumba, izimonyo, okokuhlanza neminye imikhiqizo. Imikhiqizo ehlukene yesisindo samangqamuzana ineqhaza elihlukile:
Ama-Emulsifiers nama-Solubilizers: I-PPG yesisindo se-molecular Emaphakathi (efana ne-PPG-600 ne-PPG-1000) ivamise ukuhlanganiswa nama-acids anamafutha nama-ester njengesithako esingavamile kumakhilimu, ama-lotion, ama-shampoos, nokunye ukubunjwa, ukusimamisa amasistimu wamanzi kawoyela nokuvimbela ukuhlukana. I-PPG yesisindo esiphansi samangqamuzana (efana ne-PPG-200) ingasetshenziswa njenge-solubilizer, esiza ukuncibilikisa izithako ezincibilikayo zikawoyela njengeziqholo kanye namafutha abalulekile ekwakhekeni kwamanzi.
Ama-Moisturizers and Emollients: I-PPG-400 ne-PPG-600 zinikeza umphumela wokuthambisa omaphakathi kanye nomuzwa oqabulayo, onganamafutha. Bangakwazi esikhundleni se-glycerin ethile kuma-toners nama-serum, bathuthukise ukugeleza komkhiqizo. Kuma-conditioner, anganciphisa ugesi omile futhi athuthukise ukushelela kwezinwele. Ukuhlanza Izengezo Zomkhiqizo: Kumajeli eshawa nezinsipho zezandla, i-PPG ingalungisa i-viscosity yefomula, ithuthukise ukuqina kwegwebu, futhi inciphise ukucasuka kwabasebenza emanzini. Ku-toothpaste, isebenza njenge-humectant ne-thickener, ivimbela unamathisele ukuthi ome futhi aqhekeze.
3. Izicelo Zemithi Nezokwelapha: Izicelo Zokuphepha Okuphezulu
Ngenxa yobuthi bayo obuphansi kanye nokuvumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-biocompatibility (okuhambisana ne-USP, i-EP, namanye amazinga emithi), i-PPG isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni kwemithi nezinto zokwelapha.
Abathwali Bezidakamizwa kanye Nezincibilikisi: I-PPG yesisindo esiphansi samangqamuzana (efana ne-PPG-200 ne-PPG-400) iyisinyibilikisi esihle kakhulu sezidakamizwa ezingancibiliki kahle futhi ingasetshenziswa ekumisweni ngomlomo nemijovo (edinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kokuhlanzeka kanye nokususwa kokungcola komkhondo), ukuthuthukisa ukunyibilika kwezidakamizwa kanye nokutholakala kwe-bioavailability. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PPG ingasetshenziswa njengesisekelo se-suppository ukuthuthukisa ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa.
Ukuguqulwa Kwempahla Yezokwelapha: Ezintweni zezokwelapha ze-polyurethane (njengemithambo yegazi yokwenziwa, amavalvu enhliziyo, nama-catheter omchamo), i-PPG ingakwazi ukulungisa i-hydrophilicity kanye nokuvumelana kwe-biocompatibility yento, yehlise ukusabela komzimba wokuzivikela komzimba ngenkathi futhi ithuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwempahla kanye nokumelana nokubola kwegazi. I-Pharmaceutical Excipients: I-PPG ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye eyisisekelo kumafutha kanye nama-creams ukuthuthukisa ukungena kwezidakamizwa ngesikhumba futhi ifanele imithi ye-topical (njengamafutha e-antibacterial kanye ne-steroid).
4. I-Industrial Lubrication and Machinery: Amafutha Asebenza Kakhulu
I-PPG inikeza ukuthambisa okuhle kakhulu, izakhiwo zokulwa nokugqokwa, nokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu neliphansi. Futhi inokuhambisana okuqinile namafutha amaminerali kanye nezithasiselo, okuyenza ibe ukhiye wezinto ezingavuthiwe zokuthambisa zokwenziwa.
I-Hydraulic and Gear Oils: Ama-PPG anesisindo esimaphakathi kanye nephezulu (njenge-PPG-1000 kanye no-2000) angasetshenziswa ukudala uketshezi olungenawo umshini oluvikela ukugqokwa olufanele amasistimu we-hydraulic anengcindezi ephezulu emishinini yokwakha kanye namathuluzi omshini. Bagcina i-fluidity enhle kakhulu ngisho namazinga okushisa aphansi. Emafutheni egiya, athuthukisa i-anti-seizure kanye ne-anti-wear properties, andise impilo yegiya.
I-Metalworking Fluids: I-PPG ingasetshenziswa njengesengezo ekusebenzeni kwensimbi noketshezi lokugaya, ukuhlinzeka ngokuthambisa, ukupholisa, nokuvimbela ukugqwala, ukunciphisa ukuguga kwamathuluzi kanye nokwenza ngcono ukunemba komshini. Iyakwazi futhi ukubola (amanye ama-PPG ashintshiwe ahlangabezana nesidingo soketshezi lokusika olulungele imvelo). Izithambisi Ezikhethekile: Izithambisi ezisetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, anengcindezi ephezulu, noma emithonjeni yezindaba ekhethekile (njengezindawo ezine-asidi ne-alkaline), njengezisetshenziswa ze-aerospace namaphampu amakhemikhali namavalvu, zingangena esikhundleni samafutha amaminerali endabuko futhi zithuthukise ukwethembeka kwemishini.
5. Ukucubungula Ukudla: Izithasiselo Zebanga Lokudla
I-PPG yebanga lokudla (i-FDA-ethobelayo) isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukwenza i-emulsification, ukukhipha amagwebu, kanye nokuswamisa ekucubunguleni ukudla:
I-Emulsification and Stabilization: Emikhiqizweni yobisi (efana no-ayisikhilimu nokhilimu) nasezimpahleni ezibhakiwe (njengamakhekhe nesinkwa), i-PPG isebenza njengesithako sokuqinisa ukuzivikela ukuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha futhi ithuthukise ukuthungwa komkhiqizo okufanayo nokunambitha. Eziphuzweni, iqinisa ama-flavour kanye ne-pigment ukuvimbela ukuhlukana.
I-Defoamer: Ezinqubweni zokuvutshelwa kokudla (njengokwenza ubhiya nesoso yesosi) kanye nokucubungula ijusi, i-PPG isebenza njenge-defoamer ukuze icindezele ukugcwala amagwebu futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza ngaphandle kokuthinta ukunambitheka.
I-Humectant: Kumakhekhe namaswidi, i-PPG isebenza njengesikhuthazi ukuvikela ukomisa nokuqhekeka, nokwelula impilo yeshalofu.
6. Ezinye Izindawo: Ukuguqulwa Kokusebenza kanye Nezicelo Ezisizayo
Izembatho Noyinki: Ngaphezu kwezingubo ze-polyurethane, i-PPG ingasetshenziswa njengesilungisi se-alkyd ne-epoxy resins, ithuthukise ukuguquguquka kwayo, ukuhleleka, nokumelana namanzi. Ngoyinki, ingalungisa i-viscosity futhi ithuthukise ukuphrinta (isb., oyinki be-offset no-gravure).
Izinsiza Zendwangu: Isetshenziswa njenge-antistatic finish and softener for textiles, inciphisa ukwakheka okumile futhi ithuthukise ukuthamba. Ekudayeni nasekuqedeni, ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokulinganisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhlakazwa kodayi nokuthuthukisa ukufana kokudaya.
Ama-Defoam nama-Demulsifiers: Ekukhiqizweni kwamakhemikhali (isb, ukwenza amaphepha kanye nokuhlanza amanzi angcolile), i-PPG ingasetshenziswa njenge-defoamer ukuze kuncishwe amagwebu ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Emkhiqizweni kawoyela, ingasetshenziswa njenge-demulsifier ukusiza ukuhlukanisa uwoyela ongahluziwe emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukutholakala kukawoyela. Amaphuzu Okufaka Isicelo Abalulekile: Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PPG kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwesisindo samangqamuzana (isb., isisindo esiphansi samangqamuzana sigxile kuzinyibilikisi kanye nokuswakama, kuyilapho isisindo samangqamuzana aphakathi nendawo nesiphezulu sigxile emulsification nasekugcobeni) kanye nebanga lokuhlanzeka (imikhiqizo ehlanzeke kakhulu ikhethwa embonini yokudla neyokwenza imithi, kuyilapho amamaki ajwayelekile angakhethwa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zezimboni). Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza nazo zidinga ukuguqulwa (isb., ukuxhunyelelwa noma ukuxhumanisa) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza (isb., ukuqinisa ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokuncipha komlilo). Ngezidingo ezikhulayo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo nokusebenza okuphezulu, izindawo zokusetshenziswa ze-PPG eguquliwe (isb, i-PPG esekelwe ku-bio kanye ne-PPG ebolayo) ziyakhula.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-29-2025