Xu Daring 1,2, Zhang Zhongzhi 2, Jiang Hao 1, Ma Zhigang 1
(1. Beijing Guoneng Zhongdian energy conservation and Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100022; 2. China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249)
Okufingqiwe: Emkhakheni wokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile kanye nezinsalela zemfucuza, i-PAC ne-PAM zisetshenziswe kabanzi njengama-flocculants avamile kanye ne-coagulant aid. Leli phepha lethula umphumela wohlelo lokusebenza kanye nesimo socwaningo lwe-pac-pam emikhakheni ehlukene, lichaza kafushane ukuqonda kanye nemibono yabacwaningi abahlukene ngenhlanganisela ye-pac-pam, futhi lihlaziya ngokujulile izidingo zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nezimiso ze-pac-pam ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zokuhlola. kanye nezimo zenkundla. Ngokokuqukethwe nemiphumela yokuhlaziya yokubuyekezwa, leli phepha likhomba isimiso sangaphakathi se-pac-pam esisetshenziswa ezimweni ezehlukene zokusebenza, futhi libonisa ukuthi inhlanganisela ye-PAC ne-PAM nayo inamaphutha, futhi indlela yokusetshenziswa kwayo kanye nomthamo kudingeka kunqunywa ngokwesimo esithile.
Amagama angukhiye: i-polyaluminium chloride; I-Polyacrylamide; Ukwelashwa kwamanzi; I-Flocculation
0 Isingeniso
Emkhakheni wezimboni, ukusetshenziswa okuhlangene kwe-polyaluminium chloride (PAC) kanye ne-polyacrylamide (PAM) ukwelapha amanzi angcolile kanye nemfucumfucu efanayo kuye kwakha iketanga lobuchwepheshe elivuthiwe, kodwa indlela yayo yokusebenza ehlangene ayicacile, kanye nesilinganiso somthamo wezimo ezahlukene zokusebenza imikhakha ehlukahlukene nayo ihlukile.
Leli phepha lihlaziya ngokuningiliziwe inani elikhulu lezincwadi ezifanele ekhaya naphesheya, lifingqa indlela yokuhlanganisa ye-PAC ne-PAC, futhi lenza izibalo ezibanzi ngeziphetho ezihlukahlukene ezinobufakazi ngokuhlanganisa umphumela wangempela we-PAC ne-PAM ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, ezinokubaluleka okuyisiqondiso. ukuze uthole olunye ucwaningo emikhakheni ehlobene.
1. Isibonelo socwaningo lwesicelo sasekhaya se-pac-pam
Umphumela wokuxhumanisa we-PAC ne-PAM usetshenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila, kodwa umthamo nezindlela zokwelashwa ezisekelayo zihlukile ezimweni zokusebenza ezihlukene kanye nezindawo zokwelashwa.
1.1 indle yasekhaya kanye nodaka lukamasipala
U-Zhao Yueyang (2013) nabanye bahlole umphumela wokuhlanganisa we-PAM njengosizo lwe-coagulant ku-PAC ne-PAFC ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuhlola kwangaphakathi. Ukuhlolwa kutholwe ukuthi umthelela wokuhlangana kwe-PAC ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa kwe-PAM ukhule kakhulu.
U-Wang Mutong (2010) nabanye bafunde umphumela wokwelapha we-PAC + PA kundle yasekhaya edolobheni, futhi bafunda ngokusebenza kahle kokukhipha i-COD nezinye izinkomba ngokuhlolwa kwe-orthogonal.
Lin yingzi (2014) et al. Ufunde umthelela othuthukisiwe wokuhlangana kwe-PAC ne-PAM ku-algae endaweni yokuhlanza amanzi. U-Yang Hongmei (2017) et al. Ifunde umthelela wokwelapha wokusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe emanzini angcolile e-kimchi, futhi yacabangela ukuthi inani le-pH elilungile lalingu-6.
UFu peiqian (2008) et al. Ufunde umthelela we-flocculant eyinhlanganisela esetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi. Ngokulinganisa imiphumela yokususwa kokungcola okufana ne-turbidity, i-TP, i-COD ne-phosphate kumasampula amanzi, kutholakala ukuthi i-flocculant eyinhlanganisela inomphumela omuhle wokususa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokungcola.
U-Cao Longtian (2012) kanye nabanye bamukele indlela yokuxubana kwenhlanganisela ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga zokusabela okunensayo, ama-flocs alula kanye nobunzima bokucwila enqubweni yokuhlanza amanzi eNyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi ebusika.
U-Liu Hao (2015) et al. Ufunde umthelela wokwelapha we-flocculant eyinhlanganisela ekumisweni okunzima kokudilizwa kwenhlabathi kanye nokuncishiswa kwemfucumfucu emanzini asendlini, futhi wathola ukuthi ukwengeza inani elithile le-PAM flocculate ngenkathi wengeza i-PAM ne-PAC kungakhuthaza umphumela wokugcina wokwelapha.
1.2 Ukuphrinta nokudaywa kwamanzi angcolile kanye namanzi angcolile okwenza amaphepha
UZhang Lanhe (2015) et al. Ufunde umthelela wokuxhumanisa we-chitosan (CTS) kanye ne-coagulant ekwelapheni amanzi angcolile okwenza iphepha, wathola ukuthi kungcono ukwengeza i-chitosan.
Amazinga okususwa kwe-COD kanye ne-turbidity anyuke ngo-13.2% no-5.9%.
U-Xie Lin (2010) ufunde ngomphumela we-PAC kanye ne-PAM yokwelashwa okuhlangene kwamanzi angcolile okwenza iphepha.
U-Liu Zhiqiang (2013) nabanye basebenzisa i-PAC ne-PAC eyinhlanganisela ye-flocculant ehlanganiswe ne-ultrasonic ukwelapha ukuphrinta nokudaya amanzi angcolile. Kwaphethwa ngokuthi lapho inani le-pH liphakathi kuka-11 no-13, i-PAC yaqala yengezwa futhi yanyakaziswa imizuzu engu-2, kwase kwengezwa i-PAC futhi yashukunyiswa imizuzu engu-3, umphumela wokwelapha wawungcono kakhulu.
U-Zhou Danni (2016) nabanye bafunde umphumela wokwelapha we-PAC + PAM emanzini asekhaya, baqhathanisa umphumela wokwelapha we-biological accelerator kanye ne-antidote ye-biological, futhi bathola ukuthi i-PAC + PAM yayingcono kunendlela yokwelashwa kwezinto eziphilayo emthelela wokususwa kwamafutha, kodwa I-PAC + PAM yayingcono kakhulu kunendlela yokwelapha yebhayoloji kubuthi bekhwalithi yamanzi.
Wang Zhizhi (2014) et al. Ufunde indlela yokwelapha yokwelapha amanzi angcolile esiteji esimaphakathi sokwenza iphepha nge-PAC + PAM coagulation njengengxenye yendlela. Uma umthamo we-PAC ungu-250 mg/L, umthamo we-PAM ungu-0.7 mg/L, futhi inani le-pH licishe lingathathi hlangothi, izinga lokususwa kwe-COD lifinyelela ku-68%.
U-Zuo Weiyuan (2018) nabanye bafunde futhi baqhathanisa umphumela oxubile we-Fe3O4 / PAC / PAM. Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi uma isilinganiso salokhu kokuthathu singu-1:2:1, umphumela wokwelapha wokuphrinta nokudaya amanzi angcolile ungcono kakhulu.
I-LV sining (2010) et al. Ufunde umthelela wokwelapha we-PAC + PAM inhlanganisela emanzini angcolile esiteji esimaphakathi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi umphumela we-flocculation oyinhlanganisela ungcono kakhulu endaweni ene-acidic (pH 5). Umthamo we-PAC ngu-1200 mg / L, umthamo we-PAM ngu-120 mg / L, futhi izinga lokususa i-cod lingaphezu kuka-60%.
1.3 Amanzi angcolile amakhemikhali amalahle kanye nokucwengisiswa kwamanzi angcolile
U-Yang Lei (2013) et al. Ufunde umthelela wokuhlangana we-PAC + PAM embonini yamalahle yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile, waqhathanisa nensalela ye-turbidity ngaphansi kwezilinganiso ezihlukene, futhi wanikeza umthamo olungisiwe we-PAM ngokuya nge-turbidity yokuqala ehlukile.
U-Fang Xiaoling (2014) nabanye baqhathanise umphumela wokuhlangana we-PAC + Chi kanye ne-PAC + PAM emanzini angcolile okuhluza. Baphethe ngokuthi i-PAC + Chi inomphumela ongcono we-flocculation kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokususwa kwe-COD. Imiphumela yokuhlola ibonise ukuthi isikhathi esikahle sokushukumisa sasiyimizuzu eyi-10 futhi inani le-pH elilungile lalingu-7.
UDeng Lei (2017) et al. Ufunde umthelela we-PAC + PAM wokumba amanzi angcolile okumba, futhi izinga lokususwa kwe-COD lifinyelele ngaphezu kuka-80%.
Wu Jinhua (2017) et al. Ufunde ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile amakhemikhali amalahle ngokuhlangana. I-PAC ingu-2 g/L futhi i-PAM ingu-1 mg/L. ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi inani le-pH elingcono kakhulu lingu-8.
UGuo Jinling (2009) et al. Utadishe umphumela wokwelashwa kwamanzi we-flocculation eyinhlanganisela futhi wacabangela ukuthi umphumela wokususa ubungcono kakhulu lapho umthamo we-PAC wawungu-24 mg/L futhi i-PAM yayingu-0.3 mg/L.
U-Lin Lu (2015) et al. Ufunde umthelela we-flocculation wenhlanganisela ye-pac-pam kumafutha enziwe nge-emulsified aqukethe amanzi angcolile ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene, futhi waqhathanisa umphumela we-flocculant eyodwa. Umthamo wokugcina uthi: PAC 30 mg/L, pam6 mg/L, izinga lokushisa le-ambient elingu-40 ℃, inani le-pH elingathathi hlangothi kanye nesikhathi se-sedimentation ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo kakhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokususwa kwe-COD kufinyelela cishe ku-85%.
2 isiphetho neziphakamiso
Inhlanganisela ye-polyaluminium chloride (PAC) kanye ne-polyacrylamide (PAM) isetshenziswe kabanzi kuyo yonke imikhakha yempilo. Inamandla amakhulu emkhakheni wokuhlanza amanzi angcolile kanye nodaka, futhi inani layo lezimboni lidinga ukubhekwa kabanzi.
Indlela yokuhlanganisa ye-PAC ne-PAM incike kakhulu ekudukeni okuhle kakhulu kwe-PAM macromolecular chain, ehlanganiswe ne-Al3 + ku-PAC kanye no-O ku-PAM ukuze kwakheke uhlaka lwenethiwekhi oluzinze kakhudlwana. Isakhiwo senethiwekhi singavala ngokuzinza okunye ukungcola okufana nezinhlayiya eziqinile namaconsi kawoyela, ngakho-ke sinomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokwelapha wamanzi angcolile anezinhlobo eziningi zokungcola, ikakhulukazi ukuhlalisana kwamafutha namanzi.
Ngasikhathi sinye, inhlanganisela ye-PAC ne-PAM nayo inamaphutha. Okuqukethwe kwamanzi kwe-flocculate eyenziwe kuphezulu, futhi isakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi esizinzile siholela ezidingweni eziphakeme zokwelashwa kwesibili. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwe-PAC kuhlanganiswe ne-PAM kusabhekene nobunzima nezinselele.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-09-2021