Ama-polymer amunca kakhulu athuthukiswa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960. Ngo-1961, i-Northern Research Institute yoMnyango Wezolimo wase-US yaxhunyelelwa isitashi ku-acrylonitrile okokuqala ngqa ukwenza i-HSPAN isitashi i-acrylonitrile graft copolymer eyeqa izinto zendabuko ezimunca amanzi. Ngo-1978, iSanyo Chemical Co., Ltd. yaseJapan yahola ekusebenziseni ama-polymer amunca kahle kakhulu kumanabukeni alahlwayo, osekudonse ukunaka kososayensi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970, i-UCC Corporation yase-United States yahlongoza ukuxhumanisa ama-polmers e-olefin oxide ahlukahlukene nokwelashwa ngemisebe, futhi kwahlanganiswa ama-polymers angewona ama-ionic anamandla okumunca amanzi izikhathi ezingu-2000, ngaleyo ndlela avule ukuhlanganiswa kwe-non-ionic. ama-polymers abamba kakhulu. Umnyango. Ngo-1983, iSanyo Chemicals yaseJapan yasebenzisa i-potassium acrylate phambi kwezinhlanganisela ze-diene ezifana ne-methacrylamide ukwenza polymerize ama-polymers anamandla kakhulu. Ngemva kwalokho, inkampani iye ngokuqhubekayo kukhiqizwa ahlukahlukene superabsorbent polymer izinhlelo eyakhiwa modified polyacrylic acid kanye polyacrylamide. Ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ososayensi abavela emazweni ahlukahlukene baye bathuthukisa ngokulandelana futhi benza ama-polymers anamandla kakhulu athuthuke ngokushesha emazweni emhlabeni jikelele. Njengamanje, amaqembu amathathu amakhulu akhiqiza i-Japan Shokubai, i-Sanyo Chemical kanye ne-Stockhausen yase-Germany enze isimo esinemilenze emithathu. Balawula u-70% wezimakethe zomhlaba namuhla, futhi baqhuba imisebenzi ngokuhlanganyela yamazwe ngamazwe ngokusebenzisana kwezobuchwepheshe ukuze balawule imakethe esezingeni eliphezulu yawo wonke amazwe emhlabeni. Ilungelo lokuthengisa ama-polymer amunca amanzi. Ama-polymer amunca kakhulu anezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa namathemba okusebenza abanzi kakhulu. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko kuseyimikhiqizo yenhlanzeko, ebalwa cishe ngama-70% emakethe ephelele.
Njengoba i-sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent resin inomthamo omkhulu wokumunca amanzi kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokugcinwa kwamanzi, inezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza njenge-ejenti yokugcina amanzi enhlabathini kwezolimo namahlathi. Uma inani elincane le-sodium polyacrylate elimunca kakhulu lifakwa emhlabathini, izinga lokuhluma kwamanye ubhontshisi kanye nokumelana nesomiso kwamahlumela kabhontshisi kungathuthukiswa, futhi kungathuthukiswa nokungena komoya emhlabathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa ye-hydrophilicity kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokulwa nenkungu kanye ne-anti-condensation ye-super absorbent resin, ingasetshenziswa njengento entsha yokupakisha. Ifilimu yokupakisha eyenziwe ngezinto eziyingqayizivele ze-polymer emunca kakhulu ingagcina ngempumelelo ubusha bokudla. Ukwengeza inani elincane le-polymer emunca kakhulu kuzimonyo nakho kungakhuphula i-viscosity ye-emulsion, ewukuqina okulungile. Isebenzisa izici ze-polymer emunca kakhulu emunca amanzi kuphela kodwa hhayi uwoyela noma izincibilikisi eziphilayo, ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti eqeda amanzi emzimbeni embonini.
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-polymer amunca kakhulu awanabo ubuthi, awawucasuli umzimba womuntu, ukusabela okungewona uhlangothi, kanye nokuhlangana okungelona igazi, asetshenziswe kabanzi emkhakheni wezokwelapha eminyakeni yamuva nje. Isibonelo, isetshenziselwa amafutha okugcoba anenani eliphezulu lamanzi futhi akhululekile ukuwasebenzisa; ukukhiqiza amabhandeshi ezokwelapha namabhola kakotini angakwazi ukumunca ukopha nokuphuma koketshezi ekuhlinzweni nasekuhlukumezekeni, futhi angavimbela ukuvuvukala; ukukhiqiza ama-anti-bacterial agents akwazi ukudlulisa amanzi nemithi kodwa hhayi ama-microorganisms. Isikhumba sokwenziwa esithathelwanayo, njll.
Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kuye kwadonsa ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Uma i-polymer emunca kakhulu ifakwa esikhwameni esincibilika emanzini, futhi isikhwama sicwiliswa emanzini, lapho isikhwama sincibilika, i-polymer emunca kakhulu ingakwazi ukumunca ngokushesha uketshezi ukuze kuqiniswe indle.
Embonini yezogesi, ama-polymer amunca kahle kakhulu angasetshenziswa njengezinzwa zomswakama, izinzwa zokulinganisa umswakama, nezitholi zokuvuza kwamanzi. Ama-polymers amunca kakhulu angasetshenziswa njengezinsimbi ezisindayo ze-ion ion nezinto ezimunca uwoyela.
Ngamafuphi, i-super-absorbent polymer iwuhlobo lwe-polymer material enohlu olubanzi kakhulu lokusetshenziswa. Ukuthuthukiswa okunamandla kwe-super-absorbent polymer resin kunamandla amakhulu emakethe. Kulo nyaka, ngaphansi kwezimo zesomiso nemvula ephansi ezindaweni eziningi ezisenyakatho yezwe lami, indlela yokuqhubeka nokugqugquzela nokusebenzisa ama-polymers anamandla kuwumsebenzi ophuthumayo obhekene nososayensi bezolimo namahlathi kanye nochwepheshe. Ngesikhathi sokuqaliswa kweSu lokuThuthukiswa kwaseNtshonalanga, emsebenzini wokuthuthukisa umhlabathi, thuthukisa ngamandla futhi usebenzise imisebenzi eminingi esebenzayo yama-polymers amunca kakhulu, anezinzuzo ezingokoqobo zenhlalo kanye nezomnotho ezingaba khona. I-Zhuhai Demi Chemicals ihlanganisa indawo engaphezu kwamamitha-skwele angama-30,000. Isebenza ngokukhethekile ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni nasekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo ehlobene ne-super absorbent materials (SAP). Yinkampani yokuqala yasekhaya eyenza ama-resin amunca kakhulu ahlanganisa ucwaningo lwesayensi, ukukhiqiza, ukuthengisa, kanye nezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe. amabhizinisi aphezulu. Inkampani inamalungelo azimele empahla yobuhlakani, amakhono aqinile ocwaningo kanye nentuthuko, futhi yethula imikhiqizo emisha njalo. Lo msebenzi ufakiwe “kuhlelo lwethoshi” lukazwelonke futhi selunconywe izikhathi eziningi nguhulumeni kazwelonke, wezifundazwe kanye nomasipala.
Indawo Yesicelo
1. Izicelo kwezolimo kanye ingadi
I-resin emunca kakhulu esetshenziswa kwezolimo kanye ne-horticulture ibizwa nangokuthi i-ejenti egcina amanzi kanye ne-conditioner yomhlabathi. izwe lami yizwe elinokuntuleka okukhulu kwamanzi emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwama-ejenti okugcina amanzi kuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu. Njengamanje, izikhungo zocwaningo zasekhaya ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili zenze imikhiqizo yenhlaka emunca kakhulu yokusanhlamvu, ukotini, uwoyela, noshukela. , Ugwayi, izithelo, imifino, amahlathi kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-60 zezitshalo, indawo yokukhangisa idlula amahektha angu-70,000, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-resin emunca kakhulu eNyakatho-ntshonalanga, I-Inner Mongolia nezinye izindawo zokulawula ukutshalwa kwehlathi endaweni enkulu yesihlabathi. Ama-resins amunca kakhulu asetshenziswa kulesi sici ikakhulukazi yimikhiqizo exhunywe isitashi e-acrylate polymer kanye nemikhiqizo exhumene ne-acrylamide-acrylate copolymer, lapho usawoti ushintshile usuka ohlotsheni lwesodium waya ohlotsheni lwe-potassium. Izindlela eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswayo ukugqoka imbewu, ukufafaza, ukufaka imbobo, noma ukucwiliswa kwezimpande zezitshalo ngemva kokuxutshwa namanzi ukwenza inhlama. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inhlaka emunca kakhulu ingase isetshenziselwe ukumboza umanyolo bese ivundisa, ukuze kudlalwa ngokugcwele izinga lokusetshenziswa kukamanyolo futhi kuvinjwe imfucuza kanye nokungcola. Amazwe angaphandle aphinde asebenzise inhlaka emunca kakhulu njengezinto zokupakisha ezigcina izithelo, imifino nokudla.
2. Izicelo kwezokwelashwa kanye nezokukhucululwa kwendle zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njengamanabukeni e-sanitary, amanabukeni ezingane, ama-napkins, amaphakethe eqhwa ezokwelapha; izinto zephunga ezifana nejeli zokusetshenziswa nsuku zonke ukulungisa umkhathi. Isetshenziswa njengesisekelo sempahla yezokwelapha yamafutha, okhilimu, ama-liniments, ama-cataplasms, njll., inemisebenzi yokuthambisa, ukuqina, ukungena kwesikhumba kanye ne-gelation. Kungenziwa futhi inkampani yenethiwekhi ehlakaniphile elawula inani lomuthi okhishiwe, isikhathi sokukhululwa, nendawo yokukhulula.
3. Isicelo embonini
Sebenzisa umsebenzi we-super absorbent resin ukuze umunce amanzi ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu futhi ukhulule amanzi ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi ukuze wenze i-industrial-proof-proof agent. Emisebenzini yokubuyisela uwoyela we-oilfield, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zamafutha ezindala, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ultra-high molecular weight polyacrylamide izixazululo zamanzi zokufuduka kwamafutha kusebenza kakhulu. Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukuphelelwa amanzi kwamanzi kwezinyibilikitsi eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi izincibilikisi eziphilayo ezine-polarity ephansi. Kukhona futhi izingqimba zezimboni, opende abancibilika emanzini, njll.
4.Isicelo ekwakheni
Izinto ezivuvukala ngokushesha ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokonga amanzi yinhlaka ehlanzekile emunca kakhulu, esetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuxhuma imigudu yamadamu ngezikhathi zezikhukhula, kanye nokuxhuma amanzi ahlanganisa amalunga asezindaweni ezingaphansi, amahubhe kanye nemigwaqo ehamba ngaphansi; esetshenziselwa ukukhuculula indle kanye namaphrojekthi okumbiwa Udaka luyaqina ukuze kube lula ukumba nokuthuthwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-08-2021